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UNICEF Sanitation Handbook: Identifying the Root Causes of the Sanitation Problem Mobile App

This app has been prepared serve as a UNICEF resource for staff and their partners to use in planning realistic and better quality sanitation programmes. The sanitation programming process presented in the UNICEF apps employs participatory methods, objectives oriented planning techniques, and key principles that reflect positive and negative lessons learned about sanitation. The methods you will find here focus on programme-level rather than project-level planning, endeavors in which the programme is a broad framework for several projects with similar longterm goals. The UNICEF Sanitation Handbook: Identifying the Root Causes of the Sanitation Problem mobile app is designed to develop a problem tree that outlines the root causes of sanitation problems and the subsequent benefits of addressing those causes. The problem tree will be used to create an initial conceptual model to improve sanitation conditions. This activity takes a minimum of four hours. More likely six to eight hours or more, depending on the level of detail required.Stop searching through file cabinets. Access your data easily with the GoCanvas Cloud.

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Activity: Creating a Problem Tree and Conceptual Model for Sanitation
Note: Because of the complexity of this exercise, an example of the development of a problem tree...
Time required: Minimum of four hours.
Purpose: To develop a problem tree that outlines the root causes of sanitation problems and the s...
Introductory remarks: To develop objectives in sanitation, it is important to know not only the ...
During the course of the programme, the conceptual model that is developed should be reviewed and...
Instructions:
Based on the common definition of sanitation developed earlier, have the group brainstorm all of ...
Then, take as an example one of the areas, such as inadequate excreta disposal, and describe some...
Explain that you would like the group to take some time to create a conceptual model to address e...
Divide the group into the number of problem areas (perhaps four), and ask each to elaborate on fl...
Have each group start with the problem area written at the top of a flip chart.
Using yellow post-its or cards to identify each cause, post them immediately under the correspond...
Group members should continue discussing and posting the cards until they feel they have describe...
If possible, have them add indicators to describe the problem exactly.
Give the groups one to two hours for this activity.
As the groups finish, ask them to use the same process for identifying the resulting effects of p...
The statements of problems, causes, and effects can all be examined for potential action to impro...
Following the creation of a problem tree, the group creates a conceptual model for future action,...
Give each group sufficient time to complete both the causes and effects of their problem areas.
After the groups have reached a completion point (probably somewhere between three to four hours ...
Have the entire group do a quick gallery walk, noting questions and concerns.
Make appropriate modifications as suggested by the group.
The participants can stop when they are convinced that the essential information is included.
Option: Do a couple of rounds of this, with each round focusing on another level of causal relati...
Note: At the conclusion of this module, it will be necessary for a smaller group to spend time “c...
...and More!